![]() ![]() Classical music: a broad term referring to the music of the Western classical tradition, spanning from the Middle Ages to the present day.Chromatic scale: a scale consisting of all twelve pitches of the Western chromatic system, in ascending or descending order.Chorus: the main melodic refrain of a song.Chord: two or more notes played simultaneously.Chant: simple, repetitive melody sung without accompaniment.Chamber music: music written for a small ensemble of instruments.Cello: a large string instrument, played with a bow.Cardioid: a microphone pattern that is sensitive to sound sources directly in front of the mic, while rejecting noise.Capo: a device used on the neck of a stringed instrument to raise the pitch of the strings, allowing the instrument to be played in a different key.Cantata: a musical composition for voices, usually with orchestra.Canon: musical composition in which a melody is imitated by one or more voices at a fixed interval.Call and response: musical form consisting of a melodic phrase (the call) answered by another (the response), used often in jazz and blues music.Cadence: a musical phrase that comes to a rest.Bridge: contrasting section that “bridges” the gap between the verse and chorus of a song.Broken chord: a type of chordal accompaniment where the notes of the chord are played one at a time, rather than all together.Brass instruments: a family of musical instruments made of brass, such as the trumpet, trombone, and tuba.Brass bands: a type of musical ensemble consisting primarily of brass instruments, often accompanied by percussion.BPM: beats per minute, a measure of tempo.Body percussion: using different parts of the body, such as clapping, snapping, or stomping, to create rhythmic patterns or beats.Block chords: a type of chordal accompaniment where all the notes of the chord are played simultaneously (in “chord order”), rather than broken up or arpeggiated.Beat: the musical pulse that divides time into equal divisions.Basso continuo: a form of musical accompaniment used in the Baroque period, consisting of a bass line played by a bass instrument (such as a cello) and a keyboard instrument (such as a harpsichord) playing chords and harmonies above the bass line.Bass line: the lowest part of a musical composition or accompaniment, usually played by a bass instrument or sung by a bass voice.Bass: lowest musical range, the bass clef is used for the notation of notes in this range.Baroque music often has highly stylized forms and ornate arrangements. Baroque: the baroque period was a musical from 1600-1750, characterized by complex counterpoint and elaborate ornamentation.Attack: the beginning of a note (in synthesis, the initial slope of the waveform generated when a key is pressed).Atonal music: music that lacks a tonal center or key and does not follow traditional harmonic rules.Audio signal: a signal that carries sound information, such as music or speech, usually in the form of an electrical or digital signal.Articulation: a musical direction that indicates how notes are to be played in relation to one another.Arrangement: musical setting of a particular piece of music, often for a different combination of instruments.Arpeggio: musical ornament consisting of a chord broken into individual notes, played one after the other.Appoggiatura: musical ornament consisting of a grace note that is one degree higher or lower than the main note.Antiphon: musical setting of a text that is sung by two choirs in alternation.Alto range: the range of notes that can be sung or played by an alto voice or instrument.Al fine: Italian for “to the end,” indicating that the performer should continue playing until reaching the final barline or the word “fine” in the music.Afterbeat: accent that falls on the beat after the stressed one.Aeolian: the natural minor scale (technically mode).Adagio: slow and stately (often applied to movements).Acoustic: relating to musical sounds that occur naturally without artificial amplification.Accidental: a note that is not part of the prevailing key.The first and last sections are identical or very similar, while the middle section is contrasting ABA form: a musical form consisting of three sections: A, B, and A.A cappella: without instrumental accompaniment.20th Century Music: music composed during the 20th century, characterized by a wide range of styles and techniques, including avant-garde, experimental, and electronic music.A glossary of musical terms (and their definitions)Ī glossary of musical terms (and their definitions).
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